Why making quantum repeaters is hard
We can describe a lot of the procedures and principles described above as quantum circuits.
What would the ‘entanglement swap’ performed by a quantum repeater look like as a circuit?
How could we deal with the noise that might be added by the communication channel?
Entanglement distillation is one of the main tools to deal with the noise. Another tool that is also widely used are the Quantum Error Correcting Codes and loss-tolerant codes.